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Guidelines for Formation

Note: This is a document of the 1997 General Chapter of the Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross. This document was prepared for the General Chapter by the General Staff, 4 June 1997.

Contents

Preface

I. Why Guidelines for Formation?

II. The Nature of the Guidelines

III. General Principles

1.0 The first general principle is: FORMATION IS GOSPEL CENTERED.
2.0 The second general principle is: FORMATION IS RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE.
3.0 The third general principle is: FORMATION IS A PROCESS.
4.0 The fourth general principle is: FORMATION RESPECTS PERSONAL UNIQUENESS.
5.0 The fifth general principle is: FORMATION RESPECTS CULTURE AND CONTEXT.
6.0 The sixth general principle is: FORMATION PROMOTES UNITY IN DIVERSITY.
7.0 The seventh general principle is: FORMATION IS LIFELONG.

IV Crosier Life

1. Spirituality
2. Other characteristics of the Order

V. Agents of Formation

1.0 The Triune God
2.0 The Church
3.0 Every Crosier
4.0 The communities
5.0 The superiors
6.0 The spiritual director
7.0 The formation director

VI. Vision and Program in Every Province, Proprovince and Region

VII. Interprovincial Solidarity and Formation

VIII. Ongoing Formation

Appendix: Report on the Discussion of the Guidelines for Formation

 

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Guidelines for Formation

Preface

The Guidelines for Formation which are in front of you, have originated from the need for greater clarity regarding the formation in our Order which faces increasing multi-ethnicity and the challenge of our modern day. The unity demands pluriformity on account of the different cultures and the diversity demands a fundamental unity in the Formation process. These orientations have not come from the top down; on the contrary, they originated in cooperation of all those involved in formation in the past as well as at the present.

These Guidelines are not meant only for those in initial formation but for each confrere in whatever stage of his life.

Of course, and also because of the great autonomy of the Provinces we restrict ourselves to the essentials. We have chosen for a concise and schematic design. The further elaboration of these Guidelines is in the hands of the Provinces and Regions. We ask them to rewrite this Guidelines which are presented here, to add, to deepen and to make them concrete in such a way that they fit as well as possible the culture, and the circumstances and the possibilities of every Province and Region.

First we give some reasons for these Guidelines. Then we indicate the juridical status of them and briefly we treat the most important principles which are on the basis of Crosier Formation.

Then we answer the question: 'To what should be formed?' That is ultimately Crosier life in its broadest context.

Finally some directions about and for those responsible for Formation.

We also add a word about the 'Interprovincial Solidarity and the Formation' and finally a word about 'on-going Formation'.

I. Why Guidelines for Formation?

1.0 The first reason is, that these Guidelines for formation want to concretize our Constitutions. Our Constitutions are the first charter for formation. They however are general and broad.

2.0 The second reason is that the Guidelines want to be a Stimulus and a Help to elaborate a concrete vision of formation in the Provinces, the Proprovince and the Regions, as it is demanded by the Constitutions:

"It belongs to the competence of each Province or Proprovince to determine the program of formation and training of all candidates, as well as the procedures and conditions for admission. This must be done in openness to developments in the local Church and the directions of the General Chapter" (Const. 12.3).

3.0 The third reason and also its goal is: the Unity of the Order (with respect for diversity).

These Guidelines aim to:

bulletdescribe a general vision of Crosier life,
bulletindicate concrete characteristics, which make Crosier life everywhere recognizable,
bulletto present the same challenge to all parts of the Order,
bulletindicate within the framework of the Constitutions, our greatest Charter for formation, the Guidelines to what the candidates should be formed.
bulletto show how our Guidelines explicates the Constitutions, our greatest Charter for formation, as well as indicate the goals of our formation.

II. THE NATURE OF THE GUIDELINES

1.0 These Guidelines do not have the power of Constitutions but they have to be taken seriously as orientations in building good Crosier life. They will be a stimulus and a help for all the parts of the Order and for all the confreres.

2.0 For the different Boards they are an invitation to elaborate and to concretize the formation on the provincial, proprovincial and regional level.

For those responsible for formation these Guidelines are a help in formulating their formation work.

For the visitators these Guidelines can be a guide to evaluate the vision and its realization in the Provinces, the Proprovince, and the regions.

III. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

As a point of departure we describe Crosier Formation as follows:

a) a process of growing, of developing oneself as a Christian in light of the Gospel.

b) with the goal to become a Crosier, who lives the Crosier spirituality in his time and place.

c) under skillful guidance of others.

1.0 The first general principle is: FORMATION IS
GOSPEL CENTERED.

The Scriptures are the basic inspiration for every level of formation. They are also the goal and the norm for religious formation. Without the Gospel we can not speak about real Crosier life.

Crosier life is one way of living the Gospel.

The candidates and the other confreres must live the Scriptures, study them carefully and read them often in the context of their own concrete life and the signs of the time. It is obvious that those responsible for formation have to be well acquainted with the Scriptures.

2.0 The second general principle is: FORMATION IS RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE.

2.1 Formation is the process in which the candidate and all of us experience an ever deeper relationship with God. In this process one lets oneself be formed by God, the first and ultimate formator. The Father calls each one of us; through his Son He transforms each of us and through the Holy Spirit He works in each of us. As our Constitutions say: "...in the years of formation and training, the greatest attention must be devoted to a real living of Christian faith" (Const. 24.1b).

2.2 The formation of personal faith life contains a substantial philosophical and theological element and its continual development first and foremost through a disciplined daily prayer life, including regularly reading of the Scriptures. This is further supplemented by study, lectures and on-going formation programs.

Those responsible for formation, the superiors and the spiritual directors play an important role in this matter.

3.0 The third general principle is: FORMATION IS A PROCESS.

3.1 Religious formation is a process, that started already before the candidate entered. Every candidate brings along with him a great amount of personal, religious and cultural formation. Those responsible for formation have to take that into account, especially the personal formation and socialization he brings with him from his family of origin.

3.2 In the formation which the candidate has already received, he himself has played a very active role. For a great part he was the subject of his own formation. Therefore as the candidate begins religious life, he continues to remain the subject of his own formation, carrying his primary adult responsibility for his participation in it, always in dialogue with the formators and within the framework of the vision about Crosier life.

3.3 This process of formation and training is like a spiral, i.e. the process is directed to penetrate always deeper into the essence of being human and into the essence of religious maturity. This presumes that the candidates must receive various opportunities to grow in Crosier life.

During the years of formation, both personal and religious maturation must be pursued in an integrated fashion, with the human formation as the basis. So also after the initial years of formation, every confrere has to grow constantly and especially in being human, as well as in being a Crosier religious.

3.4 Formation in process-form presumes that we only gradually grow into full personal commitment and availability in the Order. The Formation means that we also gradually fully love the Order in spite of its human shortcomings.

3.5 Formation in process-form must be capable of addressing the fact that nobody is perfect. Regression and mistakes can and will occur. Good formation invites us to accept and listen, hence enabling us to grow and learn from both of these otherwise negative factors.

4.0 The fourth general principle is: FORMATION
RESPECTS PERSONAL UNIQUENESS.

4.1 Every candidate, every confrere is a unique person, with his own personality, potential and limits, with his own context of family, culture, religious and intellectual training and personal life experience.

4.2 It is completely in line with our Constitutions that the formation has to be adapted to the concrete unique person and that in case of further studies and appointments those responsible should consider the personal potential of the confrere.

4.3 Of course this formation of the unique person has to be oriented towards becoming mature humanly, religiously and as a Crosier.

5.0 The fifth general principle is: FORMATION
RESPECTS CULTURE AND CONTEXT.

5.1 When a candidate enters, he comes with many blessings present in him, such as his own family and tribal, national and continental cultural heritage.

Our formation helps all of us Crosiers to understand, appreciate and participate in our own and in others' cultures including the local culture in so far as is necessary.

Only when Crosiers know their own culture, can they bring that culture and Crosier life into a healthy and challenging dialectic- sometimes harmonious and sometimes confronting. Only then they can also bring one another's culture into an enriching cross-cultural dialectic.

This supposes a sufficient critical position toward one's own culture, i.e. to look at and judge the culture in the light of the Gospel values and the charism of the Order so as to find what promotes and what demotes the human person.

5.2 The local culture in which we live as Crosiers influences and colors our Crosier life. It is the task of the different parts of the Order to live Crosier religious life within the local culture so that the process of inculturation occurs, giving Crosier life its own "face" in accord with the respective cultures involved.

5.3 Those responsible for formation should develop in the candidates a critical posture as well as a deep concern for the needs of their time and place. Therefore it is recommended that the young candidates conduct their initial formation in the country of their own cultural milieu so that they may grow in respect for their own land and culture, rather than experience being uprooted and alienated.

6.0 The sixth general principle is: FORMATION PROMOTES UNITY IN DIVERSITY.

6 1 The countries where Crosiers live and work, have their own history, their own culture and their own political and economic situation. In our Order the confreres feel related to the different theological movements. In our Order a big and deep diversity prevails. Very different kinds of Crosier life have developed.

The diversity presumes a fundamental unity based on the vision of Crosier life presented in our Constitutions.

6.2 Therefore it is important that in Formation great attention is paid to that constitutional unity of our Order and that people learn to live and work in a pluriform community, province, Order.

7.0 The seventh general principle is: FORMATION IS LIFELONG.

Crosier formation is a process going on for one's whole life. Every phase of life, also old age, has its own possibilities and challenges. It is therefore obvious that these Guidelines not only are enforced for the candidates in initial formation, but for all the confreres of every age.

The provincial, proprovincial and regional Boards shall provide programs and visions for on-going formation and see to it that these are realized.

IV CROSIER LIFE

In the - initial as well as on-going - Formation the main concern is to grow into a more deep and convinced Crosier life under good guidance. In this it is of importance that the spirituality and the main characteristics of our Order, as described in the document of spirituality, Constitutions and the following lines, obtain an integrated place in our daily life.

1.0 Spirituality

1.1 The Sacred Scripture and the vowed life

1.1.1 The Holy Scripture has a central place in Crosier life and thus also in our Formation. The Scripture is the starting point, the goal, the inspiration and the norm of our Formation.

In the Scripture we read about God's ideal, God's dream: namely a new heaven and a new earth, where justice and love reign and where everybody is happy.

In the Sacred Scripture we read namely in the story of the life of Jesus Christ that in Gods view each person, his salvation and happiness, has the central place. God remains always faithful to each person. This conviction determined Jesus' life up to and including his death on the Cross and Resurrection.

In the Sacred Scripture we read God's invitation and challenge to live a life that is geared to God and people, a life of prayer, service and brotherhood. God calls each of us to cooperate in the establishment of his Kingdom.

In the Holy Scripture each person finds insight and inspiration to grow toward the Kingdom of God, and to respond to his calling to follow Christ.

Therefore each Crosier shall regularly read, and study the Scriptures, personally and with others and try to understand God's Word and to translate it for one's own culture and one's own time.

1.1.2 The answer of the Crosiers to God's Word is a radical evangelical life, in which the vows have a central place.

Our vowed life in accord with the Constitutions, further calls us to chastity, poverty, obedience, lived out in a prayerful community life and apostolate. Though we speak of them separately, "the vows form but one dedication" (Const.11.5).

The candidates must be able to freely chose these vows. So they must be well informed about their scope.

The vow of obedience

As Crosiers, we vow ourselves first and foremost to obey God and His Holy Spirit, hence subsequently dedicating ourselves fully to follow Christ in building the Kingdom of love.

The vow of obedience is a life attitude by which we want to listen and to respond to the two "books of God": the Scripture (and the Rule of Augustine, the Constitutions and the history of the Order which are derived from these Scriptures) and the world with all its developments and needs. We try, in prayer and study and in conversation with others to understand and do what God wants from each of us in our given circumstances.

With that same life stance of listening we want to integrate also our own wills and initiatives - in order to give an answer inspired by the Scriptures to the questions coming forth from society - in the life and plans of the community. In listening to both sides, in common deliberation, namely in the house chapters, Provincial chapters and General Chapters, confreres share in the responsibility for life and work of the community in this time. This presumes that confreres have every opportunity to speak, that they are invited to do so, but also that they adhere to the agreed engagements.

Thus life in obedience to God and his people is a prophetical sign that is calling for a deeper human solidarity, in which everyone respected well and is dedicated to the Kingdom of God. "Your will be done".

The vow of chastity

The vow of chastity is a life attitude by which we make ourselves completely free for the Kingdom of God, and more specially for the community and the mission of the Order.

As an expression of wanting to belong completely to God and to his Kingdom and to the Order, Crosiers renounce marriage and every relationship which hampers this commitment.

A chaste way of life means that on the one hand we know ourselves and accept ourselves as a person who needs affective contacts, and on the other hand give up any genital activity.

This way of life demands a great self control, maturity and responsibility.

Chastity summons us to make ourselves completely free for a deeper friendship with and service for God and people in society. Thus we hope that our chaste life is a prophetic sign for both ourselves and for those around us.

The vow of poverty

Through the vow of poverty we commit ourselves to live simply and in solidarity with our brothers and sisters, especially the poor, by sharing in what we have and are. We do this in the spirit of the Scriptures and in the tradition of the Order.

Thus we hope that our living the vow of poverty is a prophetic sign, which summons us to dedicate ourselves completely to the Kingdom of God. "Your Kingdom come" .

1.2 Communio / Canons Regular

The next essential characteristic of our Order is that we Crosiers, strive to become more and more a community in which the common life, prayer and the apostolate are lived in a good balance. One element may not exclude the other. All three must be present, even though integrated in varying measures. This we call communio - a life of balanced solidarity with one's confreres (community life), with God (prayer), and with others (apostolate).

In this way, the Order lives out the ideal of the first Christians as described in the Acts of the Apostles. This way of life also describes our life as "Canons Regular".

1.2.1 Community life

The Rule of Augustine, our Constitutions and the tradition of our Order stress life in common.

That is one of our highest ideals: "to live together in unity of heart and mind toward God". (Rule of Augustine)

This means in the first place that we honestly and visibly want to belong to the local community, the province and the Order.

Furthermore community life does mean that we really live together with each other. Living alone is an exception.

Life in community demands from us that we share life and faith with one another. Together we break bread and share the cup in our daily life. It means that we are interested in the experiences, feelings and ideas of each other, and that we give every confrere the opportunity to express himself. It also means that we stand up for each other, and in joy as well as in disadvantage are a support to each other.

This same spirit we extend to the broader circle of our community, our family, friends, cooperators and faithful acquaintances.

1.2.2 Prayer Life

Prayer - private and common - plays the most important role in our life. In private prayer we grow in our relationship with God, and grow in our commitment to Jesus and His mission. In our private prayer we bring our whole life before the Lord and place it in the light of His Word.

As Crosiers, we have always treasured the common prayer of the Church. So we wish to nurture in our candidates the ability to celebrate the common prayer in a creative, alive and relevant way - inculturated as need be.

The celebration of the liturgy is a major source of our on-going spiritual formation. In order that it build our faith and the faith of the people we serve, we give special attention to preparing and celebrating liturgies well.

1.2.3 Apostolate

Our relationship with God in prayer calls us to His Word in His Son Jesus and subsequently to his mission, the basis for our apostolate. Jesus' basic mission is to realize the Kingdom of God among all peoples (Mt. 28:19-20 & Constitutions 21.1) by becoming a community which truly mirrors the Good News (Constitutions 22.1). Consequently, community life becomes our most immediate apostolate as well as the basis from which we minister.

The candidates shall receive professional training in the apostolic ministries, acquiring the mentality of a real apostle. Special apostolic and pastoral training programs are to be built into the overall Formation program as integral parts of that program. These training periods are to be well prepared, guided and evaluated.

1.3 Spirituality of the Cross

Next to the Scriptures and community life the Cross is the third central element of our spirituality. We have been called to be Christ's followers. Consequently we chose to call ourselves 'Christians'. As members of the Order of the Holy Cross, we call ourselves 'Crosiers'. Clearly therefore, the Cross occupies a central place in our daily life.

"Our profession is a specific act of dedicating ourselves to follow Christ in his total and free devotion to others which reached its completion on the Cross" (Const. 11.2).

1.3.1 In Scripture we read that Jesus went the way of 'communio', a way of faithful solidarity with God and with the people.

Nothing was able to draw Him away from this faithfulness, not even the death on the Cross, to which "the world" condemned Him. He was obedient to God and to the people even unto the Cross (Phil. 2: 7-8).

Crosiers are radically faithful in their commitment to God and his people.

"We wish to see our fidelity to the Cross most especially in our apostolic presence where human and religious needs call out to us" (Const. 2.3).

1.3.2 But see: He lives! He is alive! Death has passed Him by (Pascha). God remains faithful, remains close, also in death. His Spirit gave Him power to rise from the death and to renew his presence with the disciples. Neither suffering nor death have the last word, but joy and life.

Crosiers want to grow in their conviction that God's Spirit also gives them the power to continually to be able to rise from suffering, misfortune and grief. Crosiers want to be men of hope.

1.3.3 The Cross has become the symbol for much of human suffering which proceeds from lack of love, injustice and force. But this Cross also does not have the last word. Here too Christ, who conquered death through his
Cross, can be a source of hope and joy, of life and resurrection. And therefore the Cross is also a symbol of victory of life.

Crosiers want to help conquer all causes of suffering by a deep solidarity with the suffering people and by sharing with them their own hope and joy.

"We realize that the Cross is the embodiment of a life lived in that love which goes forth to embrace the whole world. To be a brother to all people is to live under the sign of the Cross-bearer" (Const. 12.3).

1.3.4 Because this mystery of Cross and Resurrection, the Paschal Mystery, is the central element of our Crosier life, it should be recognizable in our daily life.

In community life it will inspire us to greater faithfulness to our confreres. It will give us the energy to face and conquer other problems and conflicts within the community, the Province and the Order.

In prayer life, especially in the liturgy, this mystery shall often be reflected upon and celebrated. The Exaltation of the Cross is an important feast for us.

In the apostolate we Crosiers pay great attention to the needs of others. By accompanying them in their need, by showing our solidarity with them, and by proclaiming as well as living the Paschal Mystery we try to give them hope and new energy to live.

"Our desire is to follow Christ, who give himself completely on the Cross, by giving ourselves totally to the needs of others so that indeed 'the Good News is proclaimed to the poor' [Mt. 11.5]". (Const. 22.3).

Conclusion

To be able to live the ideals of a Gospel centered life, communio and the spirituality of the Cross we have to mirror the example and the person of Jesus in ourselves. And we have to be united with Him by strong mutual bonds.

Our spirituality is a Christ-spirituality, which calls upon us strongly to a serious 'sequela Christi'.

Those responsible for formation have to watch that the candidates grow continuously in following the way of Jesus. The entrance to the way of Jesus is the Gospel and a deep personal relationship with the Lord through prayer.

2. Other characteristics of the Order

2.1 The democratic character of the Order

Two principles play a critical role in shaping this characteristic of our Order, namely 'collegiality' and 'subsidiarity'.

2.1.1 The first principle, 'collegiality', has a central position in our Constitutions (Const. 7.4 & 7,5) and has much to do with communio. It means that everyone within the community in one way or another has to take responsibility. It does mean that each one has a right to speak and to make use of that right and that each one is obliged to follow the decisions and agreements. This makes 'belonging to the community' very concrete.

2.1.2 The second principle, 'subsidiarity' (Const. 7.3) determines how we speak of the social structure of our Order in the Constitutions. The local community takes the primary position, then the province and finally the worldwide Order community.

Primary responsibility lies in the lower community. The higher levels have the functions to help, to inspire, and if needed, to correct as well as give direction. We have to be aware that democracy ultimately includes a fundamental personal responsibility, which may not be shunned.

2.1.3 The candidates and all the confreres have to nurture a healthy idea about what this democratic character of the Order means and also what the principle of collegiality and subsidiarity implies.

To make this more concrete yet, the candidates have to be trained to participate and conduct community chapters in a constructive way. May they understand the community chapters to be the most important forum for dealing with key issues of community life and apostolate.

This demands that the candidates and all the confreres form themselves into mature and responsible men.

2.2 Closeness to people and hospitality

The Crosiers are known because of their closeness to people. This characteristic certainly has its roots in the strong community spirit which goes beyond the borders of one's own monastery and toward the laity.

The candidates and the other confreres like to practise a great openness to the people of the broader community (family, friends, cooperators, partners, parishioners, students) so that they can be inspired by them and even corrected.

As a red thread, hospitality runs through the Order in the past as well as in the present. Of course hospitality will be viewed and practised differently in the different parts of the Order. There are certainly limits to hospitality, demanded from community life itself.

The candidates and all the confreres should cooperate so that in the Order a good 'culture of hospitality' develops.

2.3 Open to the signs and the needs of contemporary Church and Society

2.3.1 Those who want to be close to the people, and want to be hospitable, will be involved in the weal and woe of the people. That too is characteristic of Crosiers.

Crosiers are open to the developments and the needs of the Church and the society of their country, of their culture, of their time. They are open to this by reading about it, by making studies about this, by speaking about this with confreres, especially in the house chapters.

2.3.2 People may expect from Crosiers that they find an answer to the signs and the needs of the time from the side of the Scriptures, from their spirituality of the Cross and their feeling for communio. This can be: a great solidarity with the people in need or a prophetical critique of their own culture and Church and society.

Sometimes this demands from us that we do not fear difficult tasks, but that we courageously fight against injustice and evil.

In this way the candidates are helped to become men who dare and are able to participate in this struggle.

2.3.3 In accord with our spirit as described above, we further acknowledge that our formation in general is undeniably conditioned by the demands of the times and the culture. Moreover, we chose to make critical and appropriate use of present-day elements, so that our formation is relevant. The formation program has to prepare the candidates for this time and people. Our candidates must be able to promote the good elements of their own culture as well as of the developing modern global culture, while also daring to take a critical stance toward those same cultures (Const. 26.1).

Closing recommendation

All the above characteristics have to be kept and cultivated. The candidates and the young confreres are to continually develop and integrate them into their lives, while the older confreres consider and reflect about them over and over again in their own on-going formation.

V AGENTS OF FORMATION

1.0 The Triune God

1.1 God is the first agent of the formation. He calls each of us and sends us His Spirit, who works in us. Jesus transforms us and is our model for religious life.

1.2 Each Crosier therefore must be responsible - responding primarily to God's Spirit within; responding to the deep interior longing for Abba (Rom. 8,15-16).

2.0 The Church

2.1 The Church is the second agent of formation. Throughout the ages she has obtained many deeply-religious experiences and also inspiring insights into the faith.

These insights and experiences are important directions for everyone who is in formation and who wants to grow further in the Crosier life.

Therefore the candidates and the confreres should regularly read, study and discuss with one another the documents of the Church, not only those of Vatican II and the Congregation of Religious, but also those of the local church community.

3.0 Every Crosier

3.1 Every Crosier has the lifelong task (beginning with initial formation) to be the one responsible for his own formation and then also for his confreres' formation, in the light of the Gospel and Crosier life.

3.2 To be responsible for one's formation means to seriously and wholeheartedly participate in and utilize the various means of formation: prayer, reading, reflection, discussions, and still other programs. It also means being open to the formation directors and to those who by word and deed model a healthy and happy religious life.

3.3 Our Constitutions speak also about the responsibility of the candidate:

Our community may expect of the candidate:

· that he be willing to test himself by what Christ in the Gospel expects of him, and that he listen to his fellow human beings to understand what they call on him to be and do, in frank dialogue with the community in which he lives;

· that he be willing to take up his life and work seriously, in accordance with his aptitudes;

· that he be able to develop in himself a sensitivity to the presence of God manifested in people and things, in the Church and in society;

· that he work to achieve a genuinely human community life with others, so that he is open to their appeals and ready to integrate himself into the community's rhythm of life;

· that he make an earnest effort, after a reasonable time, to decide whether he will join our community. (Const. 25.1)

3.4 We want especially to point to the responsibility which the candidate exercises when he makes his profession and receives the different ordinations.

These decisions have to be made in complete freedom.

3.5 The candidates too have to make their own contribution to the community, as people of their own time and culture. The superiors and the communities are expected to take seriously this contribution and to integrate this in the religious community.

In our Constitutions we read: Our formation and training must be based ...on an attentiveness to what the candidate can contribute to us even from the beginning (Const. 24.4b).

3.6 Also the talents of the candidates should be taken into consideration as much as possible for further studies and for appointments, always however considering the common good.

Our Constitutions state clearly: From his side, the candidate may expect of the community: that he be given opportunity to discover and develop his own aptitudes, and, if at all possible, to use them; that his formation and training be realistic and honest, attentive to personal values, well organized, and adapted to his concrete situation and capacities (Const. 25.2).

4.0 The communities

4.1 In accordance with the structure of our Order the greatest responsibility for formation lies with the local communities, especially the communities which are involved in formation.

In the Constitutions we read: It follows that the communities in which candidates prepare themselves to join our Order must be particularly conscious of their great responsibility. They must be prepared to share with these young men an experience of genuine faith, communal prayer, collegiality and subsidiarity. Reflection on this responsibility always must remain a regular task in the chapters of these communities (Const. 24.2) .

The local community must create the atmosphere so that living together, believing and praying together and working together are possible and also provide the means for physical and spiritual health.

It is very important that the young confreres and the other ones have a peer group in the local or provincial community. It is also very good that the young confreres participate in intercongregational programs and that they have the opportunity to experience an intercongregational peer group.

4.2 The provincial, proprovincial and regional-wide communities must take seriously their task regarding formation and training. They should function in a supportive and subsidiary manner with the local community and they should speak regularly about formation in their provincial, proprovincial and regional Chapters, as well as during the visitations.

4.3 In last instance the General Board and the General Chapters exercise their responsibility. Their main task is that of giving inspiration to the Provinces, Proprovinces and Regions and to all the confreres.

During the general visitation the visitator will evaluate their vision regarding their formation program.

5.0 The superiors

5.1 The local superiors and their council.

The local superiors of the formation communities shall, in organizing daily life, take into account that there are novices, clerics and young brothers in the house. In general they shall take care that the confreres responsible for formation are not so overburdened that there is little or no energy and time for prayer, reflection and study. The superiors should consider themselves as spiritual leaders within their own communities.

5.2 The provincial and his board

The final responsibility for the formation and training in the province lies with the provincial and his Board.

They should take care that formation and training, the initial as well as the on-going, occupy an important place in their policy.

They have the grave duty to appoint for the initial formation truly qualified confreres for that task and to watch that these will be formed and prepared well for their task and that they are sufficiently free for their task.

It is also of great importance that there is regular contact between the provincial and the formation directors.

Of course, the latter have their own responsibility, delegated by the provincial.

6.0 The spiritual director

6.1 It is good that all the confreres, especially the young, share their personal spiritual journey with a personal spiritual director. By "spiritual director" we mean someone who is well versed in his own spiritual life, as well as in spirituality in general. He is able to help the candidate discern well the call of God. He, as well as other formators are only mediators. The actual work takes place between God who calls and the confrere who is being called.

7.0 The formation director

7.1 The formators must be men of a deep human maturity, faith and a love for the Order. They must have the ability to relate well to young people and must have common sense.

The formation directors should be aware that formation is their first and most important ministry and that they continually prepare/upgrade themselves for this task. They must train themselves well in spirituality (prayer life and religious experience), in group dynamics and other human sciences, especially psychology.

In carrying out this ministry, the formators must process well the Gospel and the Constitutions, enabling the candidates to hear God's voice therein. They should introduce the candidates to these Guidelines and other documents regarding the goals and programs of their formation.

They must give themselves to this task out of love for the candidates and for the Order, frequently bringing the candidates before God in their prayers. They should respect the uniqueness of each candidate and evaluate their process of formation seriously.

They must dare to challenge the candidates and in doing so always keep in view the good of the Order, the Church, society and of the candidate himself. To ensure all the above values, the director will serve himself and his candidates well by regular meetings together for evaluation and coordination.

VI. VlSlON AND PROGRAM IN EVERY PROVINCE,
PROPROVINCE AND REGION

1 According to our Constitutions (24.3) every province, proprovince and region has to write its own vision about formation and formulate it into a program.

In these very Guidelines, we wish to point out the need and duty to follow them.

Therefore the General Board earnestly requests to compose a general vision about formation and to formulate the goals, objectives and programs for the different stages of formation.

The drafting of objectives shall facilitate the realization of the goals. These goals and objectives can further serve as criteria in accepting candidates for novitiate, for temporary profession, perpetual vows and ordinations.

2 It is obvious that besides the Constitutions, the provincial and regional statutes and these Guidelines, the appropriate and helpful cultural elements must be taken into account.

Through this, the unity as well as the diversity in the Order are promoted.

3 The initial and on-going formation takes place on two levels. First of all the issue at stake is that every candidate and every confrere - priest as well as brother - grows and continues to grow toward a deeper level of living the Crosier spirituality. This spirituality is the basis of the unity among the confreres, among the priests and the brothers, among the provinces. Because of the unity it is important that the spiritual formation for every one in the Province and the Region as much as possible moves into the same direction: supervision, study - namely a good theology - and prayer.

Furthermore one prepares oneself by study and practice in order to be able to do one's task - be it priest, teacher, cook - as well as possible.

4 We provide, by way of suggestion, the following, possible division of the entire formation program for Crosier life.

bulletFirst contact with the Crosiers
bulletPostulate (or some similar orientation program)
bulletNovitiate + first profession
bulletStudy and training
bulletPerpetual profession
bulletOrdinations
bulletPossible continuing study for ministry
bulletOn-going formation
bulletPossible new training for a new apostolate

It is good to close each stage with a written evaluation by the formation director. This evaluation has to be presented to the Provincial Board.

VII. INTERPROVINCIAL SOLIDARITY AND FORMATION

1 It is important that both those responsible for formation as well as the candidates have mutual contacts with their respective colleagues in other than their own Province, Proprovince or Region. The mutual exchange of pictures and videos is highly recommended. We also suggest an exchange of students if and when such is appropriate, especially for ministerial training programs involving candidates in their later phases of formation. This promotes the love for and unity in the Order. It brings about respect and appreciation for each other, it is a source of mutual enrichment.

2 We like to point out that our International College in Rome provides tremendous possibilities for contact among the young confreres of the whole world.

3 Interprovincial solidarity involves readiness to go and live and work in other Provinces.

VIII. ONGOING FORMATION

1 From the foregoing it is clear that the principles of these Guidelines are meant for all the confreres, and thus also for those who have made their solemn profession, even for those in advanced age.

2 The formation after the initial and professional one is called on-going formation.

3 Every confrere has as his first task to care for and to deepen his religious life as well as his task and function and to bring them up to date. This can be done by reading and studying books and magazines, by attending lectures, by participating in workshops, and by sharing with confreres or others e.g. a spiritual director.

According to a custom in some province a sabbatical time can be given.

It should always have as its goal to bring oneself up to date spiritually and professionally, so that one, by way of speaking, can start anew.

When confreres are assigned to a new function or task they should be well prepared.

4 All this can only happen when the provincial boards organize programs so that the confreres have the opportunity to concentrate, to renew and to qualify themselves.

5 The local superiors have to support the on-going formation of the members of the community by giving the confreres the opportunity to free themselves (from their assigned duties) and to provide the necessary finances.

6 All confreres are to pursue some form of on-going formation so as to remain informed about spiritual, theological and cultural developments. They are to keep an eye on supporting the good developments in the culture while helping to transform the culture, freeing it of those elements which degrade or threaten the human person.

 

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Report on the Discussion of the Guidelines for Formation

Note: The 1997 General Chapter made the recommendation that this document be revised in light of the following suggestions.

 

Sections Which Need To Be Changed in the Document on Formation

Section III General Principles:

1. Formation is Gospel centered.

· In the whole paragraph "Gospel" should be substituted by "Scriptures" (i.e. "Crosier life is one way of living the gospel," "of following in the steps of Jesus").

· Note: Cfr. Comment on agonic and iconic christology / exegesis in Document 4C, I.3 (pg.2), which is echoed in Document 6C,II,1.5.

2. Formation is religious experience: "forms/discerns religious experience."

4. Formation respects personal uniqueness: the strong emphasis on it, while being a cause of the crisis of Western social life, should be qualified.

Section IV Crosier Life

1.1.1 Some say the homilizing style of the whole paragraph should disappear; others appreciate this style (cf. Document 6D, 1)

1.1.2 The vow of chastity.

· The Chapter is waiting for a proposal meeting criticisms on: A chaste way of life means... give up any genital activity." (p. 10)

· For criticism : Cfr. Document 6E., comment to IV 1.1.2. The General Board has inserted that sentence, which renders CIC, can. 599 (?); but some members felt that this vow rather should be considered as a promise to consecrate oneself than as a promise of abstinence.

1.2.3. Some say the homilizing style of the whole paragraph should disappear; others appreciate this style.

1.3. Spirituality of the Cross: rather should the paragraph should be restricted to what spirituality of the Cross is, and subsequently its implications for formation should be explained. Jesus' crucifixion should be defined as the passion of the passionate Christ.

2.1 The title "democratic character of the Order" leaves out the more spiritual theme of "participation" (cfr. Doc. 6C, 3.1).

2. Other characteristics of the Order: is different than the rest of the Document. What should we do with these differences.? Some chapter members question that closeness to people (2.2) is typical to the Crosiers. Document 9A (Laity and the Order) perhaps will give us more ideas.

Section V. Agents of formation.

1. The Triune God.

· Needs to be developed since the paragraph is significant and its actual wording is inadequate (cf. Document 6C, 3.5-3.7).

· Theologically, it may be true that God is the first agent of the formation. At the level of human experience, it strucks that the decisive influence of parents, friends etc. is not valued at all. The paragraph seems insignificant to human participation in the process of formation.

1.2. "Responding to the deep interior longing for Abba." This is not our manner of speaking, but others' response: Crosiers do not speak in this way, but Christians do and we need to appropriate that language.

4.1. Is it true that "the greatest responsibility for formation lies with the local communities, etc.?" Response: The wording of the Constitutions is much better.

5.7 " Meeting together, regularly meeting them individually."

Section VII. Interprovincial Solidarity and Formation.

1. An exchange of students during their initial formation is in contradiction with the rule that the initial formation should take place in the candidates home province - region. Therefore the wording should be improved.

2. "International College in Rome" too grandiose of a word; therefore : "our presence in Rome".

Sections To Which Items Need To Be Added
in the Document on Formation

Section III General Principles

2.2. After " of the Scriptures", add fasting and other ascetical practices, by which the physical dimension of the human person is inserted in the process, should be taken into account.

5.3. After "One land and culture" : Attention for other cultures neighboring where the Crosiers are working ­ eye for other cultures

Section IV Crosier Life

1.2.1 Community life: After "are a support to each other": "Community life means to have care of an atmosphere of silence and contemplation in which we can meet God."

1.2.3. Apostolate : After "a real apostle": "vis. realizing a balance of being with the Father, belonging to the fraternity of disciples and being willing to take care of the crowd (cf. Mk.1, 35; 3,13; 6,34); in other words, following in the steps of Jesus."

1.3. Spirituality of the Cross : After the Cross: "and Resurrection," as the Orders tradition spoke of "the life-giving cross" (cfr. however, Document 4C, 1.6). Something about man's mistakes, which he feels as a cross and about what he can do with them should be added. To be a Christian is a cross to someone.

2.1.3. After, "and subsidiarity implies": for participation (cfr. Document 6C, 3.1.)

2.3.1 In countries like Congo, it is very important to listen to the people and not only to busy oneself with them or intellectualize ways by reading, discussing, etc. It is also worth mentioning that further on, we have to act with the people instead of acting for them.

Section V. Agents of Formation.

1.3 The Spirit of God is the basic formator.

4. The Formation communities: this is not representative for the whole Order; in Brazil all the communities feel themselves responsible for the formation.

4.1. After "spiritual health": "It must also create in time and space an atmosphere of silence and contemplation, in which we can meet God."

7. Since the candidate has prime responsibility for his formation (Document 6A, 3. 1), the candidate should be involved in drafting the evaluation report intended for the (pro)provincial board.

Section VIII. On-going formation.

3. After : "a spiritual director" : "The local superiors and their councils have to take care of the on-going formation of the confreres".

 

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